The terminus was switched to the Oakland Long Wharf two months later on November 8, 1869. San Francisco Bay, large, nearly landlocked bay indenting western California, U.S. Parks and protected areas around the bay include Eden Landing Ecological Reserve, Hayward Regional Shoreline, Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Hayward Shoreline Interpretive Center, Crown Memorial State Beach, Eastshore State Park, Point Isabel Regional Shoreline, Brooks Island Regional Shoreline, and César Chávez Park. The bay was navigable as far south as San Jose until the 1850s, when hydraulic mining released massive amounts of sediment from the rivers that settled in those parts of the bay that had little or no current. Prior to the bridges and, later, the Transbay Tube, transbay transportation was dominated by fleets of ferryboats operated by the Southern Pacific Railroad and the Key System transit company. The Bay is also plagued by non-native species. The city of Berkeley, the Bay and Marin County in the background as seen from the Claremont Canyon reserve, Mount Tamalpais view across San Pablo Bay at Point Pinole Regional Shoreline in Richmond, This article is about the physical feature known as the San Francisco Bay.

The bay was designated a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance on February 2, 2013. Alameda, the largest island, was created when a shipping lane was cut in 1901.

The main part of the bay measures 3 to 12 miles (5–19 km) wide east-to-west and somewhere between 48 miles (77 km)1 and 60 miles (97 km)2 north-to-south. San Francisco Bay is a shallow estuary in the U.S. state of California. It is the largest Pacific estuary in the Americas. San Francisco Bay lies in the US state of California and is surrounded by a region known as the San Francisco Bay Area, that is near the big cities of San Francisco, Oakland, and San Jose. The Carquinez Bridge (including the Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge) on I-80 connects Contra Costa and Solano counties. The federal prison on Alcatraz Island no longer functions, but the complex is a popular tourist site. The Dumbarton Bridge on SR 84 connects Alameda and San Mateo counties.

At the same time, most of the marsh areas have been filled or blocked off from the bay by dikes.

Once informally called Wood Island and Sea …

However, in recent decades, ferries have returned, primarily serving commuters from Marin County, relieving the traffic bottleneck of the Golden Gate Bridge.

The few remaining salt marshes now represent most of California's remaining salt marsh, supporting a number of endangered species and providing key ecosystem services such as filtering pollutants and sediments from the rivers.



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